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The name was selected late in the process, and after realizing that Tresham had already published a 1980 board game of the same name, MicroProse was able to negotiate a license for the name from Avalon Hill.

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Meier worked back and forth with Shelley to refine this prototype before presenting it to the company in full to bring to a full release, which became the first Civilization game, published in September 1991.

Meier brainstormed upon his idea of combining global conquest inspired by Risk, city management from the early Empire games, and adding in the concept of a technology tree. They first created Railroad Tycoon in 1990, inspired by Shelley's work at producing Avalon Hill's 1830: The Game of Railroads and Robber Barons, inspired by Francis Tresham's 1829. He worked with a recent hire, Bruce Shelley, a former board game designer from Avalon Hill, to craft new god games. Meier considered these games demonstrations that video games did not need to be about destruction all the time. Around 1989, Meier wanted to start developing new types of games to expand his repertoire, inspired by the recent successes of the god games SimCity (1989) and Populous (1989).

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Sid Meier and Bill Stealey co-founded MicroProse in 1982 to develop a number of flight simulators and military strategy software titles.

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As of February 2017, the series has shipped more than 40 million total units. Some issues associated with the Civilization name, due to the 1980 Civilization board game created by Francis Tresham, arose during the late 1990s but have been resolved through agreements, settlements, and publishing company acquisitions presently Take-Two, the parent company of Firaxis, owns full rights to both the name and intellectual property for the series. Over the years, some of the crew involved in developing the series became successful in producing their own strategy games, such as Bruce Shelley ( Civilization co-designer) of Age of Empires fame, Brian Reynolds ( Civilization II lead designer and programmer), who went on to create Rise of Nations, and Soren Johnson ( Civilization III co-designer and Civilization IV lead designer and programmer), who worked on Spore and Offworld Trading Company. After MicroProse was acquired by Spectrum Holobyte, Meier left with other designers to form Firaxis Games in 1996, which has been the principal developer of the series since. The series was first developed by Meier while at MicroProse, the studio he co-founded. Newer games often include extendable downloadable content that adds to that game, and often will become part of the new features in the next main game of the series. Meier had adapted an approach for each new title so that it contains a third of existing features, another third that are improvements from the previous game, and the remaining third as introducing new features.

Later games have introduced gameplay concepts and victories based on religion, economics, and diplomacy. In most games in the series, one may win by military conquest, achieving a certain level of culture, building an interstellar space ship, or achieving the highest score, among other means. These reflect the cultural, intellectual, and technical sophistication of the civilization, and usually allow the player to build new units or to improve their cities with new structures. The player will also choose technologies to research. Each turn allows the player to move their units on the map, build or improve new cities and units, and initiate negotiations with the human or computer-controlled players. The series is considered a formative example of the 4X genre, in which players achieve victory through four routes: 'eXplore, eXpand, eXploit, and eXterminate'.Īll titles in the series share similar gameplay, centered on building a civilization on a macro-scale from prehistory up to the near future. There are six main games in the series, a number of expansion packs and spin-off games, as well as board games inspired by the video game series. Sid Meier developed the first game in the series and has had creative input for most of the rest, and his name is usually included in the formal title of these games, such as Sid Meier's Civilization.

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Amiga, Atari ST, SNES, Microsoft Windows, Linux, Mac OS, PlayStation, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, iOS, Android, Nintendo DS, N-Gage, Windows Phone, Facebook Platform, PlayStation VitaĬivilization is a series of turn-based strategy video games, first released in 1991.